INTRODUCTION
Do you know that breast cancer caused about 685,000 deaths in 2020? (W.H.O 2023)
As opposed to popular opinion, breast cancer occurs in both women and men although with higher occurrence in women. For every 100 cases diagnosed, less than 1 occur in men.
Breast cancer is a disease that arises from the uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells within the breast tissue. It manifests in various forms, each presenting unique characteristics and challenges. The interplay of genetic predisposition, hormonal influences, lifestyle factors, and environmental exposures contributes to its onset.
In this essay, I’ll be taking you through an exploration journey on the disease, demystifying myths around it, its risk factors, early detection, prevention treatment and a bit of the survivor story.
Understanding the Disease
According to the World Health Organization (W.H.O), breast cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the cells of the breast. It’s one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. The W.H.O defines breast cancer as a malignant tumor that starts in the cells of the breast, usually in the ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple) or lobules (glands that make milk). Early detection and various treatments have significantly improved outcomes for those diagnosed with breast cancer.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with around 2.3 million new cases diagnosed annually. It’s the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death, with approximately 685,000 deaths reported annually. Roughly 1 in 8 women worldwide will develop breast cancer in their lifetime. (W.H.O 2023)
Regional Variances: Incidence rates vary globally, with higher rates in developed countries compared to developing nations. While it predominantly affects women, men can also develop breast cancer, although it’s less common. The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age.
RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION
My immediate elder sister was diagnosed with breast cancer at 22. The news gave me shivers such that I was up all night on chrome scrolling the search engine for information after I felt an imaginary pain in my breast too. Thankfully, I learnt that several factors can contribute to the development of breast cancer and amongst them are: Gender (being a female is a first risk factor), Age (as risk factors increase with age), Family history and genetics, hormonal factor, environmental factor and lifestyle (living a sedentary lifestyle and excessive alcohol consumption).
Understanding these risk factors helps individuals to mitigate and handle it better.
Understanding risk factors aids in prevention. While some factors like age, gender, and genetics are beyond control, lifestyle modifications such as maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, limiting alcohol intake, and avoiding smoking contribute to reducing the risk of breast cancer.
Early Detection and Treatment
The importance of early detection can not be overemphasized. That was the case for my sister immediately she was diagnosed. She underwent the surgery and thankfully she survived.
Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes. Regular screenings like mammograms, clinical breast exams, and self-examinations facilitate the identification of abnormalities, allowing for prompt medical intervention. Treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and hormonal therapy, tailored based on the cancer’s stage and characteristics.
DEMYSTIFYING MYTHS AROUND BREAST CANCER
There are a lot of popular incorrect opinions or beliefs as regarding the subject of breast cancer. Dispelling these myths, emphasizing the importance of regular screenings, debunking unfounded fears, and empowering individuals with accurate information to make informed decisions about their health will help create a good Breast Cancer Awareness.
Myth 1: Only older women get breast cancer.
Fact: While the risk increases with age, younger women can also develop breast cancer. It can occur at any age, making regular screenings crucial for early detection.
Myth 2: Finding a lump means it’s always cancer.
Fact: Not all lumps are cancerous. Many breast lumps are benign, but it’s essential to have any unusual changes checked by a healthcare professional for proper evaluation.
Myth 3: Men cannot get breast cancer.
Fact: While less common, men can develop breast cancer too. Awareness and education about this possibility are essential, albeit the occurrence being rarer than in women.
Myth 4: Family history guarantees breast cancer.
Fact: Having a family history increases the risk, but many diagnosed with breast cancer have no family history. Multiple factors contribute to its development, including genetics, lifestyle, and environment.
Myth 5 : Using antiperspirants or underwire bras causes breast cancer.
Fact: No scientific evidence supports these claims. Current research doesn’t link these products or habits to an increased risk of breast cancer.
CONCLUSION
Rounding off, Breast cancer is not just a mere disease but one with various spearheads entering into all aspects of a victim’s or patient’ life. For example, what happens to an individual that has to go through mastectomy, a treatment option for breast cancer in some cases where the breast is amputated.
Breast cancer demands a comprehensive, multifaceted approach. Empowering individuals through knowledge dissemination, fostering inclusive and accessible healthcare systems, addressing socioeconomic disparities, and nurturing supportive communities are pivotal in tackling this formidable foe.
Through concerted efforts in awareness, research, and advocacy, strides can be made towards a future where the impact of breast cancer is mitigated, lives are saved, and communities thrive in the face of this challenge.
Written by Mércy Ayomide Faroye
